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71.
摘要:对比研究了3种直立内热炉半焦(熄焦方式分别为水泡熄焦、喷水熄焦及烟气干熄焦)及一种流化床热解半焦的微观结构及燃烧性能。通过对半焦组成、孔隙结构、有机官能团、碳化学结构及半焦微晶结构分析,获得了不同低温热解工艺半焦的组成及微观结构特点,明确了组成及微观结构与燃烧性能之间的关系。结果表明,不同热解工艺半焦的组成和微观结构差异明显,其对半焦的燃烧性能影响显著。干熄焦碳化学结构缺陷比例大,快速热解半焦孔隙结构发0达、挥发分高,与水喷焦相比水泡焦石墨化程度低;水喷焦燃烧性能优于水泡焦,干法所得半焦的燃烧性优于湿法;半焦的挥发分含量决定其燃点,在快升温速率条件下孔隙结构对半焦的燃烧性能影响较大,而慢升温速率条件下有序化度对半焦的燃烧性能影响较大。 相似文献
72.
钢厂煤气脱硫工序排放的废脱硫剂是一种难以利用的有害固体废弃物,含一定量的铁及较高的钙和硫等元素。对废脱硫剂配入铁矿粉中进行了烧结杯的试验研究,结果表明,当废脱硫剂配比超过01%后,随着废脱硫剂配比的升高,烧结矿转鼓强度下降,利用系数下降,烧结烟气中SO2与NOx浓度增加,烧结矿的还原度有所下降,但烧结矿的低温还原粉化性能有所改善。烧结矿的矿相研究发现,废脱硫剂配比偏大时,磁铁矿体积分数增大,铁酸钙体积分数减少,并由针状结构向柱状、板状演变,烧结矿的气孔率上升。主要原因在于其粒度偏粗,含硫高,不利于成矿。当废脱硫剂粒度为-63mm及其配比控制在01%时,烧结矿的产量和质量有所改善,烟气中SO2、NOx较基准试验变化不大。工业试验表明,在烧结混匀矿中配入废脱硫剂配比小于012%时,烧结矿产量和质量没有明显变化,烧结烟气脱硫脱硝效果也没有受到影响。废脱硫剂掺入铁矿中进行烧结是一种资源化利用的有效方法,不仅解决了有害固体废弃物对环境的影响,而且使二次资源得到综合利用。 相似文献
73.
74.
Antonio Buonerba Francesco Della Monica Vito Speranza Carmine Capacchione Stefano Milione Alfonso Grassi 《Polymer International》2019,68(10):1681-1687
The thin‐film morphology of stereoregular syndiotactic poly(p‐methylstyrene)–(cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene) (sP(pMS–B)) multiblock copolymers has been investigated using tapping mode atomic force microscopy with variation of the polymer composition and monomer block lengths. The morphology of the thin films ranges from isolated circular domains of sP(pMS) embedded into a matrix of polybutadiene (PB) to isolated domains of PB embedded into a matrix of sP(pMS), passing through bicontinuous (jagged) lamellae when the pMS concentration is in the range 20–67 mol%. Multiple folding of the polymer segments, i.e. where reciprocal inclusions of polymer segments to each other phase are able to generate greater domain, has been postulated and validated by considerations on the polymer architecture and the thermal and crystalline behaviour. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
75.
Hydrolytic stability is an essential requirement for polyurethanes (PUs) that are used in highly humid and aqueous environments. In this study, hydrolysis-resistant PU elastomers (PUEs) are synthesized based on hydrophobic bio-based polyfarnesene diol (PFD), which contains unique “bottle brushes” structure (with long branched hydrocarbon side chains). The effect of hard segment (HS) content, ranging from 30 to 50%, on the morphology and properties of PUEs is investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, tensile, water absorption, and contact angle measurements. The results show that there are prominent phase separations in the synthesized PUEs. The PUEs show a three-stage degradation process and two Tg, one is at about −66 °C and the other 61 °C, which are related to the soft segment and HS, respectively. Water contact angles of PUEs increase from 98.6 to 105.2° with the increasing of PFD structural unit fraction. After being immersed in deionized water for 30 days, PUEs show no significant degradation of both tensile strength and elongation at break, and mass changes of all samples are less than 0.5%. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47673. 相似文献
76.
《Ceramics International》2019,45(15):18876-18886
Red-emitting Sr0.8Ca0.19AlSiN3:0.01Eu2+ phosphor with halide fluxes for use in the production of white light-emitting diodes (white LEDs) with high-colour rendering indices (CRIs) was prepared through the high-temperature solid-state method. Fluoride (NaF, SrF2, BaF2, CaF2, AlF3·3H2O and CeF3), chloride (NH4Cl, BaCl2, MgCl2, NaCl and LiCl) and composite fluxes (NaF + SrF2, SrF2+NH4Cl and NaF + NH4Cl) were applied in the phosphors. NaF, SrF2, NH4Cl and NaF + SrF2 fluxes had prominent effects on the characteristics of Sr0.8Ca0.19AlSiN3:0.01Eu2+ phosphors. Sr0.8Ca0.19AlSiN3:0.01Eu2+ phosphors with various powder morphologies can be obtained through the addition of fluxes, which are conducive for phosphor formation. The powder morphologies of phosphors incorporated with NaF + SrF2 were preferable to those of powders incorporated with other fluxes. This result indicated that the incorporation of NaF + SrF2 into Sr0.8Ca0.19AlSiN3:0.01Eu2+ yielded phosphors with high luminescent intensity and quantum efficiency, excellent thermal stability, narrow full widths at half-maximum (FWHM, 75.2 nm), uniform rod-like morphologies with large particle sizes (D50 = 16.99 μm) and good particle dispersion. White LEDs with high CRIs were obtained by combining prepared phosphors (NaF + SrF2 additive) with the commercial green-emitting phosphors Y3(Al,Ga)5O12:Ce3+ and (Sr,Ba)2SiO4:Eu2+. White LEDs with Y3(Al,Ga)5O12:Ce3+ and (Sr,Ba)2SiO4:Eu2+ phosphors had correlated colour temperatures (CCTs) of 3064 and 3023 K, respectively, and CRIs of 81.8 and 92.4, respectively. Therefore, NaF + SrF2 can be used as a favourable flux for the production of Sr0.8Ca0.19AlSiN3:0.01Eu2+. 相似文献
77.
Debin Wang Jingsong Liu Mengshi Zeng Chunmei Zhang Huiqin Li Hongtao Yu Ying Yuan Shuren Zhang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(7):4029-4037
(1-x)Sr0.7Pb0.15Bi0.1TiO3-xBi4Ti3O12 ((1-x)SPBT-xBIT, x = 0-0.125) bulk ceramics were developed and calcined via the solid-state method, aimed at the application of pulsed power capacitors. The phase structures, temperature stability, hysteresis loop, and discharge properties were systematically investigated. Considering both the temperature stability and dielectric properties, 0.925SPBT-0.075BIT bulk ceramics with a capacitance variation satisfying the X7R specification were developed for pulsed power capacitors. The energy storage density was 0.252 J/cm3, and the ceramics showed high temperature stability at 80 kV/cm. The discharge current waveforms of the 0.925SPBT-0.075BIT ceramics were recorded. A high discharge power density of approximately 1.01 × 108 W/kg with an 8 Ω load resistor and short discharge period of 84 ns were achieved at 50 kV/cm. The good temperature stability properties and high power density show that the 0.925SPBT-0.075BIT ceramics are well suited for pulsed power capacitors with a wide temperature range. 相似文献
78.
79.
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of an advanced performance system on the tribological behavior of brake pad material using a specially designed brake pad tester system following standard SAE J-661. The tribological behavior and friction and wear characteristics of the organic brake pad samples were evaluated. During braking tests, the samples, in contact with a cast iron disk, were studied at different disc speeds, temperatures, and braking cycles under a constant pressure. In order to understand the friction and wear behavior, the unworn surfaces, worn surfaces, and wear debris were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). Furthermore, the surface characteristics and differences in the wear modes of the brake pad samples were examined. Wear debris was permitted to deform the brake pad surfaces, leading to friction layers and enabling the estimation of the friction behavior of the brake pads. The results showed that the best friction–wear behavior was obtained with lower braking cycles at low speeds and temperature. Thus, the newly developed brake pad tester system proved very effective in evaluating the performance of the brake pad samples. 相似文献
80.